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Heating and Air Conditioning questions, answered by experts

AC capacitors have a wide lifespan, ranging from five to 20 years, with an average of about 10 years. Many capacitors will last for the entire life of the air conditioning unit, and most homeowners only need to replace one once. A capacitor should only be replaced if an HVAC professional diagnoses a problem with it. Premature failure can be caused by overheating, power surges, or short circuits. You can help extend the life of your AC capacitor by scheduling regular AC maintenance each year.

Signs that your air conditioner capacitor is bad or failing include a range of symptoms. The AC unit may not turn on at all, or it might struggle to start before shutting down randomly or in the middle of a cooling cycle. You might hear a humming or banging noise when it attempts to start, or the compressor might hum without the unit actually running. Other indicators include a smell or smoke coming from the unit, the blower circulating room-temperature air instead of cold air, and an unexpected increase in your energy bills.

Whether an HVAC damper should be open or closed depends on the season, the zone it controls, and the temperature in that zone. In the summer, open upstairs dampers and close lower-level dampers to get the most efficient cooling possible. In the winter, do the opposite. Cool air will naturally flow down to lower levels, while warm air will rise. This keeps your system from working harder and helps prevent common AC problems.

Running an air conditioner with mold is not safe because it can spread harmful mold spores throughout your home. Exposure to these spores can trigger various health problems, including respiratory issues, allergies, coughing, wheezing, sneezing, itchy eyes, and a sore throat. It may also aggravate asthma in household members. Continued exposure can increase the risk of more serious illnesses like sinus infections, pneumonia, and bronchitis. If you suspect mold in your air conditioner, you should stop using the system until it has been properly cleaned to avoid health risks and further contamination.

Some of the signs of HVAC issues include rising energy bills, rooms not cooling or heating properly, loud noises when in operation, and signs of condensation. To illustrate, if you’re wondering how to stop condensation on air vents, you’ll need to have your HVAC inspected.