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Rats are attracted to homes that provide food, water, and shelter. Common attractants include uncovered garbage, pet food left out overnight, crumbs and food spills, and easily accessible pantries. They’re also lured in by leaky pipes, standing water, and cluttered areas like basements or garages. Outdoor factors such as overgrown vegetation or woodpiles near the foundation can create additional nesting opportunities.

There aren’t legal toxicants for baiting possums, and it isn’t appropriate to use rodenticides designed to get rid of mice and rats. Misusing these toxicants can lead to fines or other penalties and harm other wildlife or pets in the neighborhood. Instead, stick with assisted live trapping or other humane methods to keep possums from setting up a home in your yard.

As a general rule, if you hear an animal in your attic, don’t assume it will stay there. Animals are drawn to warmth and food sources, which could lead them to other parts of your house. In particular, it’s likely that small pests such as rats and mice that only need tiny gaps to squeeze through will end up in your walls and ductwork. Larger animals like raccoons may be limited to an enclosed attic.

DIY treatments exist, but professional extermination is recommended for thorough elimination and prevention.