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There are a few differences between pergolas and gazebos. Both structures provide shade, but pergolas are more minimalistic, with four posts and a terraced roof. Gazebos usually have an elevated floor and are typically shaped like a polygon with six or eight open-air sides and two small sets of steps leading up to the platform. Gazebos also tend to have pointed, shingled roofs and ornate accents. If you want a structure that keeps out water on rainy days, a gazebo may be a better option—though you can purchase an awning to go over your pergola to keep out water.

It’s best to opt for a lightweight roof, as a heavy roof adds a lot of weight and pressure to the support posts and hardware and destabilizes the structure. Vinyl is a good, lightweight option, as is a nice open trellis, louvered aluminum or vinyl slats, or fabric panels. Clear polycarbonate is another great option that offers seamless shelter and additional UV protection without completely obscuring the sunshine. You can also choose retractable coverings or an awning that you only use in wet weather or when you need additional shade.

Wooden pergolas can last five and 12 years as long as you maintain your pergola. Make sure to clean, stain, and seal wood pergolas every two to three years to protect the wood from insect damage, rot, and decay. 

Vinyl or aluminum pergolas can last a lifetime. The only problems you may encounter with these pergola materials are weather-related—heavy rain storms or snowfalls. Check the stability of your pergola every season. You may need to add new supports or replace broken beams on an as-needed basis.

It depends on how you’ll use it. Both awnings and pergolas create shelter in outdoor areas, but pergolas have grid-style roofs, which are more open than awnings and not as effective at blocking out UV rays and precipitation. Also, pergolas are permanent structures, so you can’t put them away when you aren’t using them (unlike retractable awnings).