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Underpinning is a specific type of foundation repair where a specialist installs deep piers under a foundation to provide additional support. This method is often used when the soil beneath the foundation can no longer evenly support the structure. Foundation repair is an umbrella term that includes many methods. Besides underpinning, other common repairs include foundation crack repair, waterproofing, cosmetic repairs, and concrete block wall stabilization. Often, underpinning is accompanied by other work to address the root cause of the foundation issue, such as regrading the yard to ensure water drains away from the house.

If your concrete steps have crumbled or chipped, you can fix them by removing any chips or flakes, cleaning and wetting the affected area, applying a concrete bonding agent, and finally applying new concrete, usually in the form of Portland cement. For widespread damage, you can consider concrete resurfacing instead. For fixing concrete spalling that has led to deep damage, you might need to remove damaged material, add structural supports, and pour new concrete into a mold.

You can strengthen a weak foundation using a few different foundation repair methods, including underpinning, slab jacking, foam jacking, installing carbon fiber support strips, or using a sealant or epoxy crack injection. It’s worth noting that the best way to strengthen your foundation permanently is to fix the underlying issue first and then use a permanent solution to reinforce it. If you’re unsure who to call for foundation repairs, a foundation repair contractor or structural engineer can help find the best solution for your home.

The best solution to fix a foundation crack in your basement floor depends on the underlying cause. If you just have hairline cracks from settlements that are no longer growing, the best option is to seal them with a crack sealant. If the cracks continue to grow, one edge rises above the other, or there are signs that water is getting in through the crack, a professional repair will be necessary. Depending on the root cause, your professional may employ foundation underpinning or some other type of stabilization, seal the cracks, or install a drainage system.