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Septic Tanks questions, answered by experts

How do you set your well’s pressure tank? All you need to do is first drain the tank of water and find the pressure switch. Remove the switch cover and adjust the switch with a wrench—clockwise to increase water pressure, and counter-clockwise to reduce it. Each complete turn of the nut on the switch should equal 2.5 psi. Once this is done, replace the switch cover. All that’s left is to adjust the pressure of the tank itself using an air compressor and a tire gauge to support the new setting.

The pressure in a well pressure tank should be set 2 to 3 PSI below the pump's cut-on pressure. The cut-on pressure is the lower number in the pressure setting (e.g., the '30' in 30/50 PSI) and is the point at which the pump starts. The cut-out pressure is the higher number, where the pump stops.

For example:

  • If your pressure switch is set to 30/50 PSI, the tank pressure should be 27-28 PSI.

  • If your pressure switch is set to 40/60 PSI, the tank pressure should be 38 PSI.

Common pressure settings for household applications include 20/40, 30/50, and 40/60 PSI. The difference between the cut-on and cut-out pressure is typically 20 PSI.

The water refills in a well through gravity that draws water from the water table to fill the vertical hole. The pump brings the fresh water through a pressure tank and to the pipes in your house. The well continues to refill indefinitely as long as you don’t use more water than the well is producing.

Depending on local conditions, a deep well may be a better choice than a shallow well. Deeper well depth accesses groundwater that has been naturally filtered through many layers of soil and rock. This reduces surface contaminants and may offer cleaner water, but deep wells cost more money to build and maintain. The water may be harder and have higher radioactivity, too. 

With so much available information about the ecological effects of cesspools (and their general unpleasantness), it begs the question: Are cesspools legal? In short, sort of. Large-capacity cesspools that serve more than 20 people are completely illegal countrywide. Existing, smaller cesspools are generally allowed as long as they’re not actively polluting. However, new cesspools are illegal to build in all 50 states and Puerto Rico, and many states offer programs to help homeowners with the costs of updating cesspools to modern septic systems.

The Plainview, NE homeowners’ guide to septic tank services

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