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Plastering and skimming are two different techniques for finishing walls. Plastering involves applying a thick layer of a plaster mixture—typically containing gypsum, lime, cement, sand, and water—to create a new surface. This process often requires multiple coats and is used for repairing significant damage or creating decorative textures. Skimming, on the other hand, is a technique that involves applying a thin layer of drywall compound or joint compound over an existing surface to smooth it out, covering minor imperfections, small cracks, or uneven textures for a polished look. Plastering is generally more costly and labor-intensive than skimming. Although some people use the terms interchangeably, they refer to different processes and materials.

There is no way to cut drywall without making dust, but you can reduce the amount of dust and especially the dangerous airborne particles by using manual cutting tools. Using a utility knife to score and snap your drywall will minimize dust production, and a jab saw for cutting cutouts for boxes and fixtures will generate almost no airborne dust. Even if you use these methods, you should still wear a respirator and safety goggles to avoid damage to your lungs and eyes.

Certain drywall textures, like sand and sometimes popcorn, can be smoothed by applying skim coats, sanding the walls, or chipping away the texture. However, it’s worth considering removing the texture and starting with a blank canvas. Smoothing textured walls requires a lot of sandpaper and elbow grease and can take longer than just outright removing the texture.

Knowing what causes drywall damage can help stop it before it starts. Here are some of the most common causes of drywall damage: 

• Water damage from roof leaks or leaky pipes. 

• Small holes caused by doorknobs, minor accidents, and rodent infestations. 

• Wall dents stemming from moving furniture and minor accidents. 

• Wall cracks that form from a settling foundation or seismic activity. 

• Nail pops from nails and screws in the walls. 

• Large holes that are caused by accidents with heavy objects, children and pets, or sporting equipment.