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Whether you need a permit to install a bay window depends on the project's scope. Replacing an existing bay window typically does not require a permit. However, if you are adding a new bay window, requirements can vary. Adding a new bay window to the front of your house usually requires a building permit, while adding one to the side or back of your house often does not. It's always best to check with your local municipality to confirm the specific requirements in your area. Additionally, if you live in a historic district, you should consult your neighborhood association to ensure your project complies with their construction guidelines. If you're unsure about the process, a professional can provide guidance.

Bay windows and garden windows differ in both size and window angle. Garden windows are smaller than bay windows and extend from the house at 90-degree angles, creating a box-like shape. Bay windows, often much larger than garden windows, consist of three windows set at 25- to 45-degree angles to jut out from your home.

Deciding whether to repair or replace a window depends on the specific issue, the window's age, and the cost-effectiveness of the solution.

Repair is often better for:

• Minor issues such as a single broken glass pane, a stuck window, or small leaks. Repair is typically more affordable for isolated problems.

Replacement is the better long-term solution for:

• Major problems like deteriorating or rotting frames, significant leaks, or drafts.

• If your windows are over 15 years old, as repairs may only be a temporary fix for an aging unit.

• If you have a widespread problem affecting several windows.

The average lifespan for a casement window is around 20 years, but some higher-end casement windows with more durable frame materials can last up to around 40 years before you need to replace them. You’ll need to carry out routine maintenance and window cleaning—and, on occasion, casement window restoration—to extend the lifespan of your casement windows. But they tend to wear more slowly than windows with sliding sashes because the weatherstripping sees minimal friction.