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Unlike some home problems, such as water damage or pest infestations, asbestos can be very difficult to spot. Asbestos is a mineral in the form of microscopic fibers and was previously used in building materials for its bonding and fireproofing abilities. Insulation, roof shingles, ceiling tiles, floor tiles, pipe wrappings, soundproofing materials, and textured paint features like popcorn ceilings are common sources of asbestos, particularly in homes built before 1980.

Age is perhaps the biggest indicator of asbestos, as legislation passed in the 1970s labeled asbestos as dangerous and regulated its use in building materials. Signs of age in the form of wear and tear or material degradation are also indicators that asbestos fibers may be leaking into the air, but ultimately, it’s difficult to detect with the naked eye. If you have reason to suspect asbestos in your home, it’s best to hire a certified asbestos inspector.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) banned the use of asbestos pipe insulation in certain applications in 1975. It released further bans in 1989 and 2019. While asbestos pipe insulation was common from the 1930s to 1970s, its use fell off after the 1970s due to public concern and the EPA's actions.

The signs of asbestos exposure are often subtle and may not appear for many years, or even decades, after initial contact. This long latency period is one of the primary dangers associated with asbestos.

When symptoms do manifest, they can include:

• Shortness of breath

• A persistent, dry cough

• Chest pain or tightness

• Fatigue

• Wheezing

• Weight loss

• Difficulty swallowing

• A dry, crackling sound from the lungs when breathing

These symptoms are non-specific and can be mistaken for other respiratory conditions, making diagnosis challenging. Prolonged exposure can lead to serious diseases as the asbestos fibers cause scarring and inflammation in the lungs. These conditions include asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma.

Due to the vague nature of early symptoms, regular medical check-ups are crucial for anyone with a known history of asbestos exposure, particularly in an occupational setting. If you suspect asbestos is present in your home, a professional inspection is recommended.

Asbestos is a carcinogen, meaning it increases the risk of cancer. Inhaling asbestos fibers is linked to several respiratory issues, including asbestosis, or scarring on the lungs, lung cancer, and mesothelioma, another type of cancer. There's also a link between asbestos exposure and an increased risk of colon cancer and other cancers of the digestive system.

Usually, the people most at risk for disease related to asbestos exposure are those who spend a lot of time working around the material without protection. Electricians who work with asbestos wire have a higher risk of developing mesothelioma or lung cancer due to their exposure.