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The standard copper wire gauge to use with any 30-amp circuit is a 10-gauge wire. The National Electric Code specifies a 10-gauge wire with appliances like water heaters running on 30 amps. If you try to use a smaller gauge wire, such as a 12 gauge, with a 30-amp breaker, you run the risk of the wire overheating and melting or causing a fire. Because of the safety hazards, the gauge of the wire is not an area to try to cut costs when connecting a 30-amp breaker to a water heater.

Yes, gas dryers still need electricity. While their heating system relies solely on natural gas to produce the heat that dries your clothes, gas dryers use electricity to power the lights and display screens on their interface, turn on the drum, and power any automatic moisture sensors inside the unit.

As a safety measure, you should always turn off the main breaker while operating your generator’s backup breaker. In addition, you should also switch off all appliance breakers so you don't have a power surge when the main breaker turns back on. And finally, turning off the main breaker prevents back-feeding, which endangers utility workers with the risk of electrocution. Back-feeding could also destroy the electrical circuits of your neighbors if they use the same power network.

Most electric water heaters have a built-in shut-off switch, so you can simply turn that to the OFF position. Some water heaters have the switch inside a panel, so you might need to unscrew the panel, remove it, move aside the insulation, and then shut the water heater off. To make sure it’s off, you can also locate the switch for your water heater in your electrical panel and shut the power off there. Most electrical panels have dedicated switches for the water heater, so you can shut off the power without affecting the rest of your home.