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The safest ways to treat bed bugs are non-chemical, such as using diatomaceous earth, essential oils, and heat and cold treatments. Heat treatments are also one of the most effective methods because it kills bed bugs at all levels of life stages: eggs, nymphs, and adults. However, you still need to take precautions by removing items that can be susceptible to heat damage. You also need to remove plants and pets from your home during treatment.

To freeze bed bugs, they’ll need to be exposed to very low temperatures of 0 degrees Fahrenheit or lower for at least 4 days. You can use a remote thermostat to determine when the infested item reaches 0 degrees. Keep in mind that bed bug professionals have the high-quality tools and equipment needed to eradicate bugs using extreme cold, so it’s best to hire a pro for this method.

The signs of a bed bug infestation include itchy, red bite marks on the skin and various forms of physical evidence on or near your bed. Look for reddish or rust-colored stains on sheets from crushed bed bugs, as well as small, dark fecal droppings. You might also find the bugs themselves, their tiny eggs, or the pale, molted skins (casings) they leave behind. In some cases, a persistent musty odor may be present. If you notice any of these signs, calling a professional exterminator is the most effective way to handle the infestation.

Gnats may eventually go away on their own, but it depends on the source of their attraction. If the environment that’s attracting them—such as overwatered plants, moist areas, or food debris—isn't addressed, they can persist or even increase in numbers. Reducing moisture, improving drainage, and cleaning up organic matter can help eliminate them. Without these changes, gnats are likely to stick around and continue breeding, making it important to remove their breeding grounds to get rid of them for good.