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Many types of mold spores and fungi spores are constantly present in the air, but they need a friendly surface and moisture to grow. Should some of these spores land on paper or wood with significant moisture present—such as drywall with a paper cover that is soaking up water from a leak—mold or fungi could begin growing. Dampness from leaky pipes, condensation on windows, leaks in a roof, flooding in a basement, or high, prolonged humidity in a small area all can create the excess moisture that mold and fungi need to grow in your home.

Bleach and vinegar are both home remedies for killing mold and mildew, but neither is the best answer. A professional cleaning company or mold remediation company can do the best job. If you want to attempt killing mold yourself, however, reach for plain white vinegar before bleach. Vinegar is a mild acid, and when used properly, it can kill about 80% of mold varieties, along with their spores. It’s also much safer to use than bleach, as it doesn’t include toxic chemicals and isn’t generally dangerous to human or animal health.

You can throw away moldy things if desired, but you can also clean the mold from certain items. Saving wood furniture by cleaning the mold is possible. You also can clean mold from plastic, metal, and glass materials. It’s far more difficult to clean mold from paper, carpet, cardboard, and mattresses.

Black mold on wood is a very serious issue. Besides compromising the structural integrity of the wood, it poses significant health risks. Stachybotrys chartarum, commonly known as toxic black mold, produces mycotoxins that can lead to respiratory issues, allergies, skin irritations, and other health problems. If left untreated, it can spread rapidly and compromise the structural stability of the affected wooden structures. Immediate remediation and preventive measures are essential to mitigate the risks associated with black mold on wood.