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If you have access to the foundation walls, adding spray foam insulation to your existing unfinished basement or crawl space is straightforward. Replacing existing insulation in your unfinished attic space is possible after removing the old insulation. However, spray foam insulating an existing wall after the drywall is in place isn’t possible unless you remove most of the drywall.

Cellulose insulation is usually made from recycled paper products, such as old newspapers, but cellulose might also contain recycled denim. While most homeowners traditionally buy cellulose insulation to use for installation, it is possible to make your own at home with old newspapers, cardboard, a paper shredder, and boric acid (important for fireproofing your cellulose insulation materials).

Unfortunately, pipes can freeze when exposed to prolonged freezing temperatures, whether or not you have installed insulation covers. Insulation covers, however, are still an excellent idea as they can reduce the chance of your pipe freezing by keeping the pipes closer to the temperature of the water inside the pipe.

The type of insulation you need in your home depends on your location, the installation site, and your region’s climate. According to Energy Star, insulation in homes in the Southern United States should have an R-value of between R30 and R60 in attics and R13 to R25 in the floors and walls; homes in moderate climates require R values of R38 to R60 in attics and R25 to R30 in floors and walls; and homes in northern states require an R value of R49 to R60 in attics and R25 to R30 in floors and walls.