Whether tree roots will continue to grow after a tree has been cut down depends on the species. Some tree roots will eventually die because they can no longer get nutrients through photosynthesis. However, other species that reproduce through root sprouts can continue to grow and produce new sprouts for seven years or more. For example, the roots of elms, ficus, and willows tend to regrow aggressively, while the roots of pines, oaks, and maples will typically die. To determine if a root system is still active, look for new sprouts on the old trunk, stump, or any exposed roots.

If the roots are still alive, the dead tree will usually try to put out new shoots. That doesn’t mean the tree will survive or that the dead parts of a tree will come back to life. If parts of the tree have died and turned gray or rotten, nothing will bring them back to life and they need to be safely removed.

Generally, you should prune around 20% of an apple tree’s growth—and never more than 30%. This means that if you have a severely overgrown tree, it can take a few seasons to prune it back enough to produce the healthiest fruit. 

If you’re dealing with a newly planted or juvenile tree, hold off on pruning beyond the initial shaping. Wait at least a couple of seasons into fruit production since pruning can increase the number of water sprouts and unproductive foliage.

Some people prefer to leave or even carve a leftover stump, but we recommend removing it if possible. You can often dig out smaller trunks with a shovel once they have died and dried out. You can have stumps professionally removed, or request a service to grind them down to ground level so they can be replaced with other landscaping or objects.