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Buffalo grass spreads through both underground roots and above-ground stolons. The widespread root and stolon system makes up for this grass’s overall lack of density. It’s a hearty grass, so it spreads on its own slowly, especially considering that most of the male (no staminate) varieties of grass are sterile. You may think about over-maintaining your lawn to encourage growth, but this would have the opposite effect.

You should put pre-emergent herbicide and fertilizer on your lawn in the spring. Pre-emergent herbicide keeps weeds from taking root. Fertilizer helps your grass to grow lush and dense and blocks future weeds from growing. You can also add amendments, such as sulfur and lime, to enhance your soil quality. 

There are several reasons your grass may be dying that could be in or out of your control. The most common issues include poor drainage, under/overwatering, poor soil pH, low soil nutrients, low sunlight, or too much foot traffic.

You can thicken new grass by using fertilizer, watering it 1 to 1½ inches per week, mowing when it is at an optimal height, and preventing weeds. You should fertilize your grass while you plant the grass seed, or soon afterward. Use an herbicide to prevent weeds or spot spray with herbicide to kill existing weeds.