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GFCI stands for ground fault circuit interrupter, which means it has the ability to detect a ground fault and shut the circuit down before it creates hazards. General breakers may also do that because ground faults can cause overloads, but they’re more focused on amp overloads from any cause. GFCIs are often installed in specific outlets, but breakers can come with GFCI capabilities built in for broader ground fault protection.

Black is the standard color for hot wires, which transfer electricity to your outlets and switches. Red wires are also hot wires. White (and sometimes gray) wires are considered neutral, delivering power back to the panel. Finally, green wires, which are sometimes bare copper, are ground wires, used to ground an electrical circuit and prevent electrocution.

It’s possible to distinguish a positive black wire from a negative black wire if you know what type of circuit the wires are in. If it’s an alternating current (AC), then black wires are positive. If it’s a direct current (DC), then black wires are negative. 

Sometimes, a circuit has two black wires. In that case, the positive black wire will be solid black while the negative black wire will have a white stripe on it. If you’re still unsure, you can use a multimeter to check.

It's possible to get power from an outlet for a light switch. However, you must install additional wiring to get current from the outlet to the switch and from the switch to the load it will control. Also, you must ensure that the outlet's electrical circuit can accommodate the additional demand.