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Yes, but our analogy with the water hose doesn’t really work here. You see, electrical flow isn’t constant: It ebbs and flows like waves, coming in pulses of power. Hertz measures the rate of change in the flow of electricity, or how often it ebbs and flows. For example, 60Hz means that the electrons pulse through wiring 60 times per second. When they are pulsing, they’re in a brief retreat. Almost all United States equipment is rated for 60Hz.

Motion sensors are actually an eco-friendly option and don’t use as much electricity compared to other lighting sources. Motion sensor lights are always on “standby,” which requires a phantom source of power at all times, but for most sensor light models, this is only a small amount of electricity—typically around one watt of power.

No, not all thermostats require a C-wire. Older manual and programmable thermostats typically do not need one. While many smart thermostats do require a C-wire to function correctly, some models can operate without one, often at the expense of certain features. A C-wire provides a constant source of power, which enables the thermostat to stay connected to Wi-Fi and keep its display screen lit on-demand. If you are upgrading from an older thermostat to a smart model that requires a C-wire, you may need to install one first for it to work as intended.

Choosing a unit with higher BTUs can use more electricity if the BTUs are more than what’s necessary for your room size. However, choosing an AC with BTUs that match the size of your room or house, your unit will cool your space efficiently. On the flip side, choosing a system with not enough BTUs can cause the system to work harder to try to cool the space, leading to more electricity consumption and higher energy bills.