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Septic Tanks questions, answered by experts

A well does not run out of water because the groundwater continues to refill with rainwater that seeps through the ground. If the well is too shallow or there is a drought, a well can run dry or be short in supply. It’s important to have a well deep enough to source enough water for your home’s use. Deeper wells tap into more groundwater reserves. If your well is not producing enough water, you may need to redig your well.

The ideal depth of a septic drain field is 18 to 36 inches below the surface. The trenches must be deep enough to allow proper wastewater distribution and filtration while remaining shallow enough for oxygen to reach the soil, promoting bacterial activity that helps break down contaminants. In areas with high groundwater or poor drainage, shallower systems like mound drain fields may be required.

A properly installed and maintained septic drain field (also known as a leach field) can last up to 50 years, though the average is around 20 years. However, factors like poor soil conditions, heavy usage, or improper maintenance can significantly shorten its lifespan to 15-20 years.

To extend the life of your drain field:

  • Schedule Regular Inspections: Have the entire septic system, including the drain field, inspected every two to five years to catch problems early.

  • Protect the Area: Avoid driving heavy vehicles or placing heavy structures over the drain field. Plant only grass or other lightweight vegetation with shallow roots over the area.

  • Maintain the Septic Tank: Proper care of the septic tank, including regular pumping and avoiding harmful chemicals, prevents strain on the drain field.

Be aware of signs of failure, such as strange odors, standing water, or unusually lush grass over the field, which indicate your system may need professional attention.

A septic tank with a 1,500-gallon capacity is good for larger homes with up to 6 or 7 bedrooms. The average home can go with a smaller tank, about 1,000 gallons, which supports a home size of up to 2,500 square feet, or a home with about three bedrooms.

With so much available information about the ecological effects of cesspools (and their general unpleasantness), it begs the question: Are cesspools legal? In short, sort of. Large-capacity cesspools that serve more than 20 people are completely illegal countrywide. Existing, smaller cesspools are generally allowed as long as they’re not actively polluting. However, new cesspools are illegal to build in all 50 states and Puerto Rico, and many states offer programs to help homeowners with the costs of updating cesspools to modern septic systems.

The Chilly, ID homeowners’ guide to septic tank services

From average costs to expert advice, get all the answers you need to get your job done.