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Water heater pipes can freeze in one night if outdoor temperatures are cold enough. The lower the temperature, the quicker plumbing tends to freeze. If your pipes are well-insulated and you take proper preventative measures during the winter, your pipes should not freeze as rapidly as unprotected pipes might.

Whether an earthquake gas shut-off valve is required depends on your location and circumstances. Certain cities, states, and even insurance providers mandate them, especially in areas with high seismic activity. In California, for example, while laws vary by county, most jurisdictions require a valve to be installed in newly constructed homes or when a home is sold or renovated. The Los Angeles Municipal Code specifically requires a licensed contractor for installation. Even if not required by law, installing a seismic shut-off valve is a wise safety measure. These devices automatically cut off the flow of gas during an earthquake, which can prevent gas leaks, fires, and explosions. It is recommended to check with your local building department for specific laws regarding installation, permitting, and inspections, and to ensure the valve you install is on your city's list of approved models.

How much it will cost to install an earthquake shut-off valve depends on who’s doing the installation. The price of the earthquake shut-off valve itself can cost between $250 and $750, and you’ll pay between $150 and $200 for labor if you hire a licensed plumbing contractor. If you install the valve yourself, you’ll save on labor, but you might need to spend $50 to $300 on the right tools for the job (and it’s a complex job that we don’t recommend DIYing).

During the winter, pipeworks constrict and don't expand until warm weather comes. If it doesn't get very cold where you live, but you're still having a problem getting outdoor faucet handles to turn, there's probably a build-up under the handle. Mineral build-up is especially common in areas with hard water. Limescale causes faucets and stems to become resistant to turning. Worn parts and debris can also make it impossible to turn a faucet.