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Unless it’s rubber or you need to prune suckers and remove weeds, you shouldn’t need to get rid of the old mulch around your tree. Simply push old mulch a few inches away from the trunk of your tree and then top it off with enough fresh mulch to reach 3 to 4 inches in height.

It’s unlikely your leaves are a hazard, especially if you get to them while they’re dry. However, a couple of rare risks exist. University studies suggest that decaying leaves can produce organochlorines, toxic pollutants similar to man-made PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls), so avoid keeping them in an enclosed area.

Also, leaves and compost may cause the growth of fungi that can cause diseases like histoplasmosis and aspergillosis, as well as mold spores that are unhealthy for human lungs. Again, severe issues are rare, but those with compromised immune systems or allergies to mold should wear face masks when directly handling leaves.

To remove old grass effectively, you typically need to dig to one to two inches. This depth typically allows you to reach the root system of the grass, ensuring thorough removal. However, if the grass is a particularly dense or deep-rooted variety (such as Bermuda grass), or if you're planning to replace it with a different landscaping feature, you may need to dig deeper to loosen the soil and remove any underlying roots.

There are tools known as “sprinkler donuts” that are specially designed to aid in cutting the grass around your sprinkler heads by protecting them from your mower or weed whacker. You can also use a pair of hand shears to do the job manually if you’re willing to get a little dirty.