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Unlike some home problems, such as water damage or pest infestations, asbestos can be very difficult to spot. Asbestos is a mineral in the form of microscopic fibers and was previously used in building materials for its bonding and fireproofing abilities. Insulation, roof shingles, ceiling tiles, floor tiles, pipe wrappings, soundproofing materials, and textured paint features like popcorn ceilings are common sources of asbestos, particularly in homes built before 1980.

Age is perhaps the biggest indicator of asbestos, as legislation passed in the 1970s labeled asbestos as dangerous and regulated its use in building materials. Signs of age in the form of wear and tear or material degradation are also indicators that asbestos fibers may be leaking into the air, but ultimately, it’s difficult to detect with the naked eye. If you have reason to suspect asbestos in your home, it’s best to hire a certified asbestos inspector.

According to the National Cancer Institute, asbestos-related diseases can take anywhere from 10 to 40 years for symptoms to appear. The health risks increase with prolonged and heavier exposure. Risk factors also include:

• Amount of exposure

• Chemical makeup, size, and shape of the asbestos fibers

• Length of time a person is exposed to asbestos

• Genetic factors 

• Source of exposure (direct exposure or secondhand exposure from someone directly exposed)

Since the EPA partially banned asbestos in 1989, it is no longer used to manufacture new siding in the United States; production had largely ceased by the early 1980s. Many other countries, such as Canada, Iceland, and Denmark, also have bans on asbestos. However, asbestos siding is still present in many homes built before the late 1980s. The only definitive way to know if your siding contains asbestos is to have it professionally lab-tested.

Asbestos siding can be dangerous, but it doesn't necessarily pose a health risk if it's in good condition and left undisturbed. The danger comes from inhaling asbestos fibers, which can be released if the siding is damaged, deteriorating, crumbling, or disturbed during remodeling or repairs. Exposure to these airborne fibers can cause serious, life-threatening diseases like asbestosis (lung scarring), mesothelioma (an aggressive cancer), and other lung cancers.

If your asbestos siding is intact, the general recommendation is to leave it alone. However, if it's damaged or you plan to renovate, it's crucial to handle it safely. Due to the significant health risks and the difficulty of containing the fibers, it is not recommended to perform any asbestos work yourself. Instead, you should hire a professional asbestos removal company to inspect, repair, encapsulate, or remove the material. The presence of asbestos can also negatively impact your property's value.