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How to size a well pressure tank is determined by three factors: flow rate, or how many gallons per minute your well pump produces; minimum runtime; and pressure switch setting. Most pressure tanks have a pressure switch operating at 20/40, 30/50, and 40/60—the first number is the pressure needed for the pump to turn on, and the second number is the pressure needed for the pump to switch off. Most homeowners relying on well water require a water pressure tank ranging from 20 to 80 gallons. 

Because well water is not artificially filtered or pre-treated, it may contain contaminants. As a result, it’s possible for well water to damage pipes based on what is in the water. Well water can be corrosive, slowly rusting and dissolving pipes, fixtures, and fittings. The corrosion can affect the taste and quality of the drinking water that comes out of the taps in your home. 

The average three to four-bedroom home typically uses a well pump rated for 8 to 12 gallons per minute (GPM). To find the most accurate size for your specific needs, a common rule of thumb is to count the number of water fixtures and appliances in your home and aim for that number in GPM. This calculation allows for about one gallon of water per minute per fixture. Because estimating the correct size can be challenging, it's best to have a professional technician make the final determination. A professional can ensure your pump provides sufficient water for your home, especially during peak usage hours.

A new water well pressure tank costs $300 to $500. If you choose to hire a plumber for the job, expect labor to cost $125 to $200. If the tank is difficult to access, labor will cost more. Diaphragm and bladder well pressure tanks have similar costs. One-compartment well pressure tanks are less costly, but they have a higher chance of waterlogging. Larger pressure tanks cost more and hold more water, but they don’t increase water pressure.