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Rats are nocturnal creatures, meaning they are most active at night, typically from late evening through the early morning. They use the cover of darkness to explore, forage for food, and find water, as they feel safer and can avoid daytime predators and human activity. Their sharp senses, including keen night vision and hearing, are well-suited for navigating in the dark. Because they prefer to stay hidden during the day in secluded areas like walls or attics, you are more likely to spot signs of their presence—such as droppings or gnaw marks—before you see an actual rat.

Since fleas are so tiny, the best way to find them is with a very thorough search. Focus on two specific areas. First, look where your pets spend lots of time sleeping or playing, which is where fleas are likely to linger. Second, look at ground-level fabrics like carpet, furniture upholstery and similar spots where it’s easy for fleas to hide. While you’re probably worried about fleas inside your home, it’s a good idea to check outdoors around patios or outdoor chairs to see if fleas are congregating in specific spots. 

Aphid infestations happen when aphid-attracting plants like mustard and nasturtium are present, there’s a lack of predators, or plants are weak. Avoid plants that aphids love, and consider increasing natural predators that keep aphids at bay. Birds, wasps, and ladybugs play roles in balancing out aphid infestations, so add pollinator plants and habitats to your yard that attract birds and other aphid predators.

Like many animals, gophers are bothered by strong scents. Peppermint oil, eucalyptus oil,  and coffee grounds can be used as deterrents against these pests. Similarly, you can try planting lavender, rosemary, sage, geraniums, or pine trees, as these plants all have strong smells that can ward away gophers. While it may be less pleasant to work with, coyote urine scares gophers by tricking the pests into thinking your yard is a predator hot spot.