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The amount and type of insulation your home needs depends on your location, climate, and the specific installation area (attic, walls, or floors). Your local building code will typically determine the minimum required R-value. For specific recommendations, Energy Star suggests the following R-values: homes in the Southern U.S. should have R30 to R60 in attics and R13 to R25 in floors and walls; homes in moderate climates need R38 to R60 in attics and R25 to R30 in floors and walls; and homes in northern states require R49 to R60 in attics and R25 to R30 in floors and walls.

The lifespan of insulation depends on the material type. Fiberglass can last between 80 and 100 years, but it is important to start checking it around the 15-year mark. Spray foam has a lifespan of up to 100 years, and mineral wool can last up to 100 years. Cellulose, an eco-friendly option, has a lifespan of 20 to 30 years.

The primary reason that insulation saves you money over time is that it reduces your energy bills by making your home more energy efficient. A crucial part of an insulation system is a properly installed vapor barrier. Local building codes dictate whether your insulation requires a vapor barrier based on the type installed. While some high-quality wool insulation may not technically need a vapor barrier, most municipalities still require one to meet code.

When installing metal siding, a high-quality house wrap is considered the best protection against condensation and moisture infiltration. House wraps can increase a home's efficiency significantly. However, a house wrap is not a replacement for a vapor barrier because it can be permeable when moist air passes through siding. This is why it's essential to follow manufacturer instructions for insulating siding when installing new siding.