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Spray foam insulation can last between 80 and 100 years, depending on the type. Closed-cell spray foam is more durable, while open-cell foam is more susceptible to moisture damage and deterioration. It's important to consult a professional installer to understand which type of foam will be used and its specific longevity. Additionally, be aware that some spray foams can damage plastic piping, so if you have PVC or CPVC pipes, discuss this with your installer.

Whether you should remove old insulation before blowing in new insulation depends on your particular situation. Fiberglass insulation attracts insects and mold over time, so if it has been decades since your last insulation upgrade, consider removing the old materials before placing the new ones. However, most types resist mold, insects, and mildew, so once you get the go-ahead from your contractor that your space is free from all three, feel free to install the new insulation directly on top of the pre-existing materials.

Air sealing isn't necessary for attic insulation, but it's incredibly helpful since it can help you identify and patch any existing air leaks. Failing to find these leaks before adding insulation can render your insulation less effective, leading to higher energy bills and potentially costly repairs down the line.

A vapor barrier keeps moisture out of the crawl space, while insulation reduces the amount of unconditioned air—and sometimes moisture—that enters the space. Coupling a vapor barrier with insulation can help prevent humidity and related moisture damage in a crawl space while also making your home more energy-efficient. Just be sure to use insulation that won’t get damaged from moisture, like rigid foam board or expanding spray foam insulation.