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You’ll find that phorid fly larvae breed in moist, decaying, organic matter. When trying to locate a breeding site, thoroughly inspect the following places in your home: drain pipes, trash cans, garbage disposal, pet waste, rotting produce, plants, compost bins, and even under appliances like the stove and refrigerator where moist food may have dropped. It’s also possible for a breeding site to form inside of a wall, crawl space, or under your home’s foundation.

If you’re heading outdoors, wear long sleeves and pants to minimize skin exposure. You may also want to wear clothing and any additional gear, like backpacks or tents, treated with 0.5% permethrin. If you’re dealing with fleas at home, you may want to wear insect repellant and vacuum your bed, carpets, and upholstery frequently to minimize fleas.

Some natural applications are known to make bed bugs unhappy, like peppermint and tea tree oil. But bed bugs are tenacious and as long as there are sleeping humans around to feed on, they’ll stick around. It’s best to destroy them outright by using heat, steam, or fumigation methods.

Rats are attracted to homes that provide food, water, and shelter. Common attractants include uncovered garbage, pet food left out overnight, crumbs and food spills, and easily accessible pantries. They’re also lured in by leaky pipes, standing water, and cluttered areas like basements or garages. Outdoor factors such as overgrown vegetation or woodpiles near the foundation can create additional nesting opportunities.