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You can bury underground electrical wire six inches deep—but only if you use a rigid metal electrical conduit. For rigid, non-metallic conduits, bury the wire at least 12 inches deep. If using an underground feeder cable rated for direct burial, you'll need to place it at least 18 inches deep, as it has no conduit for extra protection.

How far you can run underground electric depends on the wire gauge (generally AWG) and the circuit voltage. Too much voltage drop in an electrical circuit can negatively affect performance, so the smaller the voltage drop, the better. Ideally, it shouldn't exceed 3%. The smaller the wire and the longer the run, the more significant the voltage drop. 

For example, with a 120-volt circuit, you can run 60 feet of 12 AWG cable without losing more than 3% voltage. With a 240-volt circuit, you can run 120 feet of 12 AWG wire while maintaining a voltage drop of 3% or less.

The hot wire is typically black, but it's essential to use a non-contact voltage tester to confirm the electrical wire color code before working on it. Neutral wires are typically white. It’s vital to determine which wire is carrying electrical current before proceeding with any electrical work.

240V is the standard for more demanding appliances in the United States, whereas 220V is more common elsewhere. The voltage isn’t very different in any practical sense. The United States is a newer country compared to many other regions in the world with a faster adoption of new electrical needs. Appliances in the United States are often bigger than other parts of the world.