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If you’ve ruled out small cockroaches, some other bugs you might mistake for bed bugs are carpet beetles, bat bugs, and booklice. However, they’re usually found in different parts of the home. Carpet beetles are found in fabrics and carpets, bat bugs live in attics, and booklice dwell around books and damp areas.

Roof rats are relatively small rodents that typically measure around six to eight inches in length (excluding their long, scaly tails that are often longer than their bodies). They have sleek black or brown fur, pointed snouts, and large ears. In general, they are typically smaller and darker in color than common brown rats.

Heat is the most effective instant killer of bed bugs. Exposing them to temperatures above 131 degrees Fahrenheit for over an hour can eliminate them. Methods like steam cleaners and using a dryer on high heat are effective for this. Other options that can kill bed bugs on contact include EPA-approved pesticides, bleach, disinfectant sprays with alcohol, diatomaceous earth, and hydrogen peroxide. While freezing can work, it is not an instant solution, as it can take several days at 0 degrees Fahrenheit to be effective. Keep in mind that many DIY treatments won't reach bed bugs hidden in cracks or behind walls. For severe infestations or the most effective results, it is best to hire a professional exterminator for a professional heat or chemical treatment.

No, you should never vacuum or sweep up mouse or rat droppings, as doing so can release harmful particles into the air and increase your risk of disease exposure. Instead, wear gloves and a mask, spray the droppings with a disinfectant spray, let it soak for a few minutes, and then carefully wipe them up with paper towels. Afterward, disinfect the area thoroughly and immediately wash your hands when you’re done.