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While not all homes require a hot water heater expansion tank, they are necessary in most newer homes and are often mandated by local building codes. Codes typically require an expansion tank if your plumbing system is a 'closed-loop' system, which often includes a backflow preventer or pressure regulator on the main water line. Some municipalities have specific requirements. Installing an expansion tank on a closed system is crucial, as it prevents excess pressure that can damage your water heater and other appliances, potentially shortening their lifespan. However, tankless water heaters do not require an expansion tank.

Any item that can hold on to moisture and encourage mold growth should be discarded and replaced following water damage. Upholstered items, such as armchairs and couches, and soft items, such as mattresses, usually must be thrown away once they've taken on a lot of water. Soft furniture is difficult to dry out, creating an inviting environment for mold.

You may also need to replace hardwood furniture following water damage if you're unable to fully dry it out. If you have appliances and electronics that have been fully submerged in water, particularly sewage, you'll need to replace those, too.

Gas water heaters last between eight and 12 years on average. You can help them reach their maximum lifespan with regular cleanings, maintenance, and professional checkups, though don’t hesitate to swing for a full replacement if the total cost of repairs is greater than that of purchasing and installing a new unit. 

Several signs indicate your water heater may be failing or in need of replacement. Key indicators include:

• Age: A water heater older than ten years is approaching the end of its typical lifespan.

• Water Quality: If you notice rusty or discolored water from your hot water faucets, or a foul odor similar to rotten eggs or sulfur, it can signal internal corrosion.

• Unusual Noises: Banging, rumbling, or popping sounds from the tank often mean sediment has built up, causing the unit to overheat.

• Leaks: Any water pooling around the base of the tank or visible leaks are clear signs of failure.

• Performance Issues: A decline in performance, such as water not getting hot enough, taking longer to heat up, low water pressure, or decreased efficiency, suggests the unit is struggling.

• Visible Damage: Obvious rust and corrosion on the exterior of the tank can indicate a more serious internal problem.

While these signs often point to replacement, some issues may be fixable. It's best to consult a professional plumber to diagnose the problem before investing in a new unit.