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The color of your cable will help you to identify its function. In the U.S., the National Electrical Code (NEC) designates the color code for electrical cables. “Hot” cables are black, red, and blue. In cases of higher voltage lines, orange might also be used to indicate a hot cable. White or gray indicates a neutral, and green or green with a yellow stripe indicates a ground.

Yes, in a new home, ground wires are mandatory. Some older homes may not be grounded, but if you decide to renovate, you will need to have your electricity grounded at that time. Remember, grounding helps keep everyone in your home safe from sudden electrical surges. It’s best to hire an electrician to inspect and work with your home’s wiring.

Yes, one wire is always hot on the 3-way switch, meaning it carries the electricity from the power source to the switch. If you have a 3-wire cable in your home, you have two hot wires, or line wires, coming from the power source. Typically, you’d connect the hot black wire from the power source to the traveler wire and the hot red wire from the power source to the first 3-way switch. For the second 3-way switch, you’d then connect the hot black traveler wire to the switch.

The most common type of electrical outlet is a 3-prong outlet, which has two flat blades (one is wider than the other) and a round grounding pin. Older homes typically have 2-prong outlets that aren’t as safe as more modern options and are generally not up to current electrical codes.  Other outlets you can find in your home include 20A, 125 volt varieties for larger appliances like refrigerators or washing machines. 

There are also GFCI outlets, which protect against electrical shock in wet areas, such as bathrooms and kitchens, and arc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) outlets, which protect against electrical fires caused by arcing.