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To drain a broken toilet, place towels or plastic sheeting around the base in case of splashing or overflowing. Next, shut off the toilet’s water supply, usually via a valve on the wall behind the toilet. Begin flushing the handle to remove as much water as possible from the tank and the bowl. Don’t flush the toilet if it’s clogged, though. From there, use a large sponge to soak up any remaining water and wring it over a bucket. 

Water main breaks are relatively common, particularly in areas with older infrastructure. The frequency of breaks depends on factors such as the age, material, and size of the water main pipes, weather conditions, and the overall maintenance of the water system. Older cities with outdated pipes are more prone to frequent breaks, while newer communities struggle less with this particular issue.

When learning how to design a plumbing system for a house, it's helpful to know that ABS pipes have fallen out of favor because they are less safe and efficient compared to alternatives. ABS pipes are made from a chemical called bisphenol (BPA) that may cause neurological and hormonal effects. Due to the fact that it has a lower melting point, ABS can also be flammable in high-temperature situations. Finally, ABS is prone to warping caused by heat and UV exposure. It can also fracture in frozen conditions.

PEX pipes can freeze. While they are less likely to burst than rigid pipes like copper or galvanized steel, it is still possible. PEX is flexible and can expand as water freezes and contract as it thaws. However, this expansion can cause leaks around the pipe's connections. Furthermore, frequent freezing and thawing cycles can stress and weaken the material over time, increasing the risk of a future burst. Therefore, even though PEX is freeze-resistant, it is not freeze-proof, and standard insulation precautions are still recommended to prevent freezing.