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You can seal a concrete slab by cleaning the surface, filling in any cracks, etching the surface, applying a sealer, and letting it dry. Concrete slabs don't typically need sealing, but you can use a topical concrete sealer if you notice signs of water damage. If you haven't already fixed the cause of the leak, then you'll want to repair the plumbing before you seal a concrete slab.

Epoxy paint is a popular option for concrete due to its durability and stain resistance. You can also use masonry paint, which adheres well to concrete. Acrylic paints are more affordable but not as durable. Concrete stain is another option, which is more durable than paint and won’t peel over time. 

Polished concrete gets its glass-like finish from several rounds of polishing, using increasingly finer grit diamond grinding pads. The concrete’s hardness will determine which grits you need to get your desired finish. The densifier and sealer also contribute to the look of the final floor, so either talk to a concrete pro (or hire one) to achieve the right concrete floor finish.

Yes, you can seal old concrete, but proper preparation is essential. Before sealing, ensure the concrete is clean, dry, and free of any old sealant. To check if resealing is necessary, place a few drops of water on the surface; if they are absorbed in less than five minutes, it's time to reseal. If you are using the same type of sealer that was previously applied, you may not need to remove the old layer. However, if you are applying a different type of sealer, the existing one must be removed. Additionally, repair or fill any cracks to create a smooth base before you begin sealing.