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While homeowners connected to a municipal sewer line still have to keep up with plumbing maintenance, the downside to a septic system is that all the maintenance falls on the homeowners. Not calling in a pro to pump the tank every few years or accidentally flushing or draining the wrong types of materials can quickly cause clogs, which can back up into drains around the home.

You can check your own septic tank, but take precautions. Locate the access lid, usually buried a few inches underground, and remove it carefully. Look for the sludge and scum levels, and if they’re high, that means pumping may be necessary. Check for odors, slow drains, or pooling water around the drain field, which could indicate issues. Never enter the tank, as toxic gases can be fatal. All of that being said, a professional inspection is safer and more thorough.

Common drain issues include slow-running drains, whether in a sink or shower, clogged drains, a bad smell, and water backing up into a sink, shower, or bathtub. Causes range from hair, grease, roots, or toilet paper clogging the drainpipes to flooding outside the home, which prevents sewer lines from draining properly.

The price you’ll pay for service from a septic tank company will depend on the specific service you need. Here are some common services, along with average pricing:

• Anaerobic septic system installation: $3,000–$8,000

• Aerobic septic system installation: $10,000–$20,000

• Septic tank pumping: $250–$550

• Percolation test: $700–$2,000

• Leach field installation: $2,000–$10,000

These numbers vary based on your septic system size, property layout, and more, so the best way to get an accurate estimate is to contact a septic tank professional for a custom quote.