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Energy Efficiency Auditing questions, answered by experts

Smart home upgrades can be worth the money. Several upgrades, including smart thermostats and ceiling fans, can help reduce your energy bills. Others make life more convenient, freeing up your time to do what you love (or get more work done). And some smart home upgrades, such as entertainment systems, simply make life more enjoyable. All are worthy causes.

A good SEER rating for an HVAC system is typically between 15 and 20. However, minimum requirements vary by location; HVAC systems in northern states must have at least a 14 SEER rating, while those in southern states need a minimum of 15. For the highest possible efficiency, look for units with a SEER rating of 21 or higher. It's important to remember that a SEER rating represents the maximum efficiency a unit can achieve, not the level at which it will operate at all times.

To determine the right size generator for your house, you should calculate the total wattage of the appliances and devices you want to power during an outage. List all essential items, note their start-up wattages, and add them together.

Here are some typical wattage requirements for common appliances:

  • Refrigerator: 600 watts

  • Large dehumidifier: 700 watts

  • Large window air conditioner: 1,400 watts

  • Water heater: 3,000 to 4,500 watts

  • Electric furnace: 5,000 to 25,000 watts

A 7,500-watt generator might be sufficient for essentials like a refrigerator, freezer, well pump, and lighting circuits. However, for high-demand items like a water heater or furnace, a whole-home generator is a better choice. A portable generator may be enough if you only need to power a few critical items.

While home square footage can offer a rough estimate, it is not always a reliable indicator. For reference, here are some typical generator sizes based on square footage:

  • 1,000 sq ft: 6–9 kW

  • 1,500 sq ft: 7–10 kW

  • 2,000 sq ft: 10–14 kW

  • 2,500 sq ft: 12–16 kW

  • 3,000 sq ft: 16–20 kW+

For the most accurate sizing, consult a professional who can calculate your home's peak and average power consumption and recommend the optimal generator.

Depending on the level of audit you choose, a home energy audit will at least include a walk-through of the home to determine visible inefficiencies, but may include testing and a highly detailed inspection and report laying out the home’s inefficiencies and providing recommendations to fix those issues. The audit may also include a review of utility bills and mechanical testing. Consult your home energy auditor about the types of services they provide before hiring.

Costs depend on the property size, audit complexity, and whether additional testing (e.g., blower door) is included.

The Velva, ND homeowners’ guide to energy efficiency auditing services

From average costs to expert advice, get all the answers you need to get your job done.