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Regular pump-outs, inspections, avoiding chemicals harming bacteria, and managing water usage are keys to sustaining peak system function.

Most households will need to pump their septic tank every three to five years. If you have a smaller tank or more people living in your home, you’ll likely be on the lower end of this spectrum (with less time between pumpings)—and vice versa if you have a bigger tank or live alone. On average, a professional septic tank pump costs $400.

While the lifespan of your septic system will depend on a variety of factors, including how well you keep up with regular inspections and maintenance, it will eventually need replacement. Most septic tanks can last between 20 and 30 years, and under good circumstances, a septic drainage field may last up to 50. On average, though, about every 30 years or so, a major septic renovation will be necessary.

A septic system can fail for various reasons, and most commonly, excessive water use or sudden surges in wastewater can overwhelm the system's capacity. Neglecting regular maintenance, like tank pumping and inspections, can also lead to clogs, leaks, and eventual breakdowns. Other issues that lead to failure include age-related wear and tear, root infiltration, improper disposal of non-biodegradable materials or chemicals into the system, unsuitable soil conditions, physical damage, and even environmental factors like flooding or soil erosion.