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To determine if you have a rat or mouse infestation, look for several key differences. The most obvious is the size of the rodent: rats are significantly larger with thicker bodies, while mice are much smaller and more slender. You can also identify them by their droppings; rat droppings are larger and rounder, about the size of a raisin, while mouse droppings are smaller, like a grain of rice, and often have pointed ends. Other signs include the sounds they make, as rats produce louder scratching and gnawing noises due to their size. Behaviorally, rats tend to be more cautious, whereas mice are more curious and might be seen more often. Additionally, rat nests are typically larger than those of mice. If you are unable to see the pest or find clear evidence, a professional inspection can provide a definitive identification.

Citrus scents such as lemon or lime are lethal to bed bugs. They’re drawn to the smell, but the chemicals often kill them. There are other ways to kill bed bugs without an exterminator, including using steam, DIY heat treatments, essential oils, diatomaceous earth, and more. However, you should hire a professional bed bug exterminator to eliminate large numbers of bed bugs.

It takes a few weeks to get rid of roaches in the kitchen for a small infestation, as the cockroaches will need to take the bait back to their nest to infect the others. For larger infestation, you may need to schedule multiple professional treatments, which could take several weeks or up to 6 months to get rid of the roaches fully.

Like many animals, gophers are bothered by strong scents. Peppermint oil, eucalyptus oil,  and coffee grounds can be used as deterrents against these pests. Similarly, you can try planting lavender, rosemary, sage, geraniums, or pine trees, as these plants all have strong smells that can ward away gophers. While it may be less pleasant to work with, coyote urine scares gophers by tricking the pests into thinking your yard is a predator hot spot.