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The type of casement window you have depends on where the hinges are located, the number of sashes, the style, and how the windows open. Single casement windows are popular casement windows that use a handle or crank to open. If you have two casement windows side by side, you likely have double casement windows. 

Windows that swing inward can tip you off to having in-swing casement windows, while windows that open from the bottom and swing outwards are top-hinged. If you can open your windows by pushing them outwards like a door, you may have a type of push-out window.

The maximum protruding distance allowed for a bay window is determined by its flank angles. 30-degree flanks can extend about 13 to 14 inches. If the angle is 45 degrees or larger, then the bay window can stick out about 19 inches. If the window extends too far out, it would cause structural instability and safety concerns.

The material around a window is simply called the window frame, but the individual pieces also have different names. The top portion of the frame is called the head, the side pieces are called jambs, and the bottom portion is called the sill. If you have multiple windows next to each other, you’ll also have a mullion, which is the frame piece that separates the individual windows. Windows stacked on top of each other are separated by a horizontal frame piece, which is called a transom.

You will need about half of a caulking cartridge to caulk one window. The average home has eight to 10 windows, so you would need about 4 or 5 cartridges to caulk every window in an average-sized house. However, you may not need to caulk all the windows at once. If just one window has a pesky draft, you may only need half of a cartridge to fill in the gaps.