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Septic drain lines (or leach lines) are typically buried between 18 and 36 inches underground, and should be at least 6 inches below the surface. These pipes are perforated and surrounded by filtering materials like sand or gravel. Burying the lines at this depth helps minimize odors and allows bacteria and other biological processes in the soil to effectively treat the wastewater. Burying lines too close to the surface can cause issues unless the soil is very compact and stable.

You should pump your septic tank once every two to four years for a family of four, depending on your septic tank size. You should pump a 1,000-gallon septic tank every two years, while a 1,500-gallon tank should be pumped every four years. Water usage also affects how often you should pump your septic tank. If you notice slow drains, foul smells, or gurgling sounds from your drains, you should pump your septic tank as soon as possible.

The ideal depth of a septic drain field is 18 to 36 inches below the surface. The trenches must be deep enough to allow proper wastewater distribution and filtration while remaining shallow enough for oxygen to reach the soil, promoting bacterial activity that helps break down contaminants. In areas with high groundwater or poor drainage, shallower systems like mound drain fields may be required.

It is not normal to smell your septic outside and indicates a problem such as an unsealed manhole or access lid, a clogged septic line, a faulty vent stack, or the need for a septic tank pumping. If sewage is leaking from your septic system, it can be hazardous to you, your family, pets, and the surrounding environment. You can troubleshoot the issue yourself, or contact a septic tank pro who can resolve the issue quickly.