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To tell if a window is single or double-pane, focus on the edge. Double-pane windows have two glass layers separated by a spacer, which you can usually see around the edges. For single-pane windows, it’s just one sheet of glass. Another easy trick: shine a light at the window—single-pane glass reflects once, while double-pane glass reflects twice. Lastly, if you feel both sides of the glass on a cold day, double-paned windows will feel warmer because of the insulating gap between the panes.

Using plastic shrink film over the window will cut down on drafts, which makes the air inside your home feel warmer. Plastic shrink film doesn’t quite have the insulative properties of a new window or of adding insulation inside the window jamb, but it will help. Plus, it’s a cost-effective solution to keeping your home warmer.

Not every home needs window capping. Whether or not you need to cap your windows depends on your climate and window frame materials. Wooden windows should have window capping if moisture is a problem. Arid climates like the Southwest may not need window capping due to low rainfall and low humidity.

Mulled windows are no less efficient than individual windows, provided the wall opening is the same size. Larger wall openings filled with glass will always reduce overall energy efficiency, as glass transmits heat more readily than a solid wall. If the windows that are mulled together have the same square footage as individual windows, you might actually see a small decrease in your electric bills, as mulled windows let in more natural light that can reduce interior lighting costs.