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A chimney requires both a cover and a cap, but these parts often get confused with one another. A chimney cover seals the top of the chimney around the flue pipe to prevent water from entering the chimney. A chimney cap is a piece that sits above the flue to prevent animals, debris, and water from entering the flue.

There are a few things you can look out for to ensure your chimney is safe to use. Check for the following issues:

• Cracks or missing pieces in the masonry of the chimney

• Creosote buildup in the chimney, which is a black, tar-like substance

• Cracks, stains, or scorch marks in the firebox

• Water stains in or around the fireplace

• A broken or stuck damper

Although you can put a smoke detector on a shelf, the NFPA recommends mounting one on the ceiling or a wall (within 12 inches of the ceiling). If you place your smoke alarm on a shelf, ensure it’s away from drafty, damp, or dusty areas and not near cooking appliances, heat sources, or fluorescent lights.

While your forced heating system runs, it can pick up dirt, dust, hair, and other particles from inside your house. Changing your furnace filters regularly is key to preventing this debris from getting stuck in your ducts and swirling around your home. With some types of furnaces, there’s also the potential for carbon monoxide leaks. However, staying up-to-date with your HVAC inspections and installing carbon monoxide sensors can help mitigate this risk.