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Yes, you can convert a gas water heater to an electric one, but it is a complex process. You will need to ensure there is adequate power for the new electric unit, as they require more power than gas models. The project also involves safely closing off the gas lines and ventilation, and some cities may require a permit for the conversion. The cost can range from $1,500 to $4,100, depending on the installation scope, plumbing and electrical work, and the water heater model. For an accurate quote, it's best to contact a local professional. Also, be aware that your monthly utility bills may increase after the conversion, as natural gas is typically cheaper than electricity.

The standard copper wire gauge to use with any 30-amp circuit is a 10-gauge wire. The National Electric Code specifies a 10-gauge wire with appliances like water heaters running on 30 amps. If you try to use a smaller gauge wire, such as a 12 gauge, with a 30-amp breaker, you run the risk of the wire overheating and melting or causing a fire. Because of the safety hazards, the gauge of the wire is not an area to try to cut costs when connecting a 30-amp breaker to a water heater.

If there isn’t a C-wire on your thermostat, you can repurpose the G-wire. The G-wire controls the fan independently of the other controls on your thermostat, so the fan-only function won’t work if you decide to go this route.

If you need to run a wire from the meter to the breaker box, start by turning off the power using the main switch to avoid injury risks from live wires. Then, locate the ground wire from your meter and connect it to the ground bar of the breaker box. Connect the neutral wire using the same method to improve your circuit efficiency.

Next, locate the hot wires running from the main switch to the meter. To connect them to the correct terminals from meter to breaker, unscrew the nuts of the breaker hotwire terminals, insert the positive hotwire, and ensure it’s firmly attached. Finally, secure the wires with electrical tape and wire tie cables before re-securing your breaker box. Keep in mind that this process can be dangerous, so don’t hesitate to hire a local electrician.