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On average, a one-time septic tank pump costs $400 (although prices can range from $250 to $550). You should empty it every few years, depending on the size of the tank and your household. Regular pumping is important to keep your septic system functioning properly; without it, waste can build up inside your septic tank, seep into your drain field, and back up into your pipes—which can be unsanitary, expensive, and smelly.

There are a few signs that indicate a failing drain field. For instance, if your septic tank starts requiring more pumping than normal, your drain field might be failing. Other signs to watch for include poor drainage after rain, standing water or sewage over the septic system, a strong septic smell outside, new and healthy grass growing over the drain field, and plumbing backups in your sinks, bathtubs, or toilets.

The cost to pump a septic tank is $400 on average for most homeowners. You could spend as low as $250 if you have a smaller septic tank or as much as $600 or more if your tank is 1,750 gallons. 

The size of your septic tank is the primary determining price factor, but your geographic location can also play a part in your overall cost. For example, pumping a septic tank in Minneapolis, Minnesota, costs between $175 and $275 on average, but in Portland, Oregon, you'll spend between $440 and $750.

Your toilet will still flush if the septic tank is full, but it might flush more slowly. It may make gurgling sounds as the wastewater slowly drains through the pipes. You may also notice the toilet clogs up more frequently when the septic tank is full, although this can also be a sign of other plumbing issues, like a clog in the pipes.