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The three most common types of asphalt are hot asphalt, MC cold mix, and UPM asphalt. Hot asphalt is used most often for paving and patching roadways while it’s hot and workable. MC cold mix asphalt cures more slowly than hot asphalt, but it can be used for temporary patches and repairs in low-traffic areas. UPM is also used cold, but it can be used as a longer-term fix, usable in almost any conditions at almost any temperature.

Regular maintenance will help you avoid costly repairs and early replacement. Clean the driveway surface with a stiff brush and water at least twice yearly, and remove any weeds that try to take root. Additionally, every two to five years, apply a sealcoat—this protects the driveway against damaging UV rays and keeps it looking like new.

Hot-pour sealants have an asphalt cement base that might also include rubber and other materials to allow the seal to flex in hot or cold temperatures. Asphalt emulsion sealants are not heated but are liquid applications that use water and an emulsifying agent to allow the asphalt and water to mix.

Though they may look similar, tar and bitumen come from different sources. Bitumen is a petroleum product—extracted during crude oil refining—and is mostly made up of hydrocarbons. Tar comes from burning down organic materials like coal or wood. Bitumen is strictly oil-based, while tar is a mix of compounds from natural sources. Both are used as binders in paving; however, bitumen is the standard for today’s asphalt. Tar use has mostly faded out of road construction.