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The best bacteria to add to a septic tank is anaerobic bacteria, which doesn't use oxygen to break down solid waste. Because there is less oxygen in a septic tank, anaerobic bacteria can decompose sludge in a sealed environment. On the other hand, aerobic bacteria need oxygen and are prevalent in the leach or drain field of a septic system.

You can check your own septic tank, but take precautions. Locate the access lid, usually buried a few inches underground, and remove it carefully. Look for the sludge and scum levels, and if they’re high, that means pumping may be necessary. Check for odors, slow drains, or pooling water around the drain field, which could indicate issues. Never enter the tank, as toxic gases can be fatal. All of that being said, a professional inspection is safer and more thorough.

Common signs that a septic tank is full include plumbing issues, odors, and changes in your yard. You may notice wastewater or sewage backing up into your home's drains, or that sinks, tubs, and toilets are draining slowly. Gurgling or bubbling sounds from the pipes are also a key indicator. Outside, you might smell foul sewage odors around your house or the septic tank area. Look for pooling water, spongy soil, or a marshy environment around the drain field. Another tell-tale sign is a patch of grass over the septic system that is suddenly lusher and greener than the rest of your lawn. If you notice any of these signs, you should contact a septic professional for an inspection and pumping.

Yes, shower water goes into the septic tank. Shower water is a type of greywater, and in fact, all water used in a home with a septic system—including water from sinks, toilets, the dishwasher, and the washing machine—drains into the tank. When shower water enters the tank, debris like soap and hair travels with it. The solid debris sinks to the bottom to become sludge, while soap residue joins the scum layer at the top. The remaining water is treated in the tank before moving to the drain field for further treatment and dispersal. It is important to avoid putting oil or harsh chemicals down any drain, as they can cause clogs or disrupt the beneficial bacteria required for proper wastewater management in the septic system.