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Rather than using a common two-by-four piece of wood for a rafter, you probably will use two-by-six, two-by-eight, two-by-ten, or even two-by-twelve boards. Wider lumber is typically a better choice in a larger building as it provides more sturdiness. Some installers may use wider lumber for rafters near the edges of the roof, where the greatest stress occurs, and save money with narrower lumber toward the middle.

Wooden pergolas can last five and 12 years as long as you maintain your pergola. Make sure to clean, stain, and seal wood pergolas every two to three years to protect the wood from insect damage, rot, and decay. 

Vinyl or aluminum pergolas can last a lifetime. The only problems you may encounter with these pergola materials are weather-related—heavy rain storms or snowfalls. Check the stability of your pergola every season. You may need to add new supports or replace broken beams on an as-needed basis.

The cost of a pergola varies depending on the style you choose. The average price is between $2,100 and $6,400 for materials and installation. On the low end, a standard pergola will cost between $20 and $55 per square foot, while a retractable pergola will cost between $900 and $3,000 to build. If you plan to build the pergola over a pre-existing deck or patio, that will increase the cost.

It depends on how you’ll use it. Both awnings and pergolas create shelter in outdoor areas, but pergolas have grid-style roofs, which are more open than awnings and not as effective at blocking out UV rays and precipitation. Also, pergolas are permanent structures, so you can’t put them away when you aren’t using them (unlike retractable awnings).