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It’s possible to DIY upholstery cleaning, but it’s usually best to leave the work to a professional. If you use aggressive cleaning solutions or are too rough with the material while trying to clean it, you could do permanent damage that demands repair or a full replacement. This issue is especially risky with more delicate materials, like leather, silk, and rayon. Some upholstery needs to be dry cleaned, and knowing how and when to use different cleaning methods is paramount for avoiding damage. A professional upholstery cleaner will know what products and methods are safe to use.

Vinegar and baking soda can effectively remove old carpet stains, and there are a few common methods for application. One method involves applying them separately: sprinkle baking soda over the stain, let it sit for 15 to 30 minutes, then vacuum it up. Afterward, blot the area with a solution of equal parts white vinegar and water. Another method combines the ingredients on the stain to create a foaming reaction that helps lift it. To do this, pour a generous layer of dry baking soda over the stain. Then, in a spray bottle, mix distilled white vinegar with warm water and a few drops of dish soap, and spray this solution over the baking soda. Let the mixture sit for several hours until dry, then wipe or vacuum up the residue and blot the area with a clean towel. You can repeat the process if the stain persists.

You should avoid using a pressure washer on any surface or item that could be damaged by the high-pressure spray, as some materials are too delicate to withstand the force.

Key items and surfaces to avoid include:

• Electrical Components: Never pressure wash electrical systems, as water can cause short-circuits and create a safety hazard. This includes utility meters, breaker boxes, electrical outlets, generators, and HVAC or air conditioner units.

• Delicate and Fragile Materials: Fragile items can crack, shatter, or be stripped by the pressure. Avoid pressure washing windows, glass, light fixtures, shingled roofs (especially asphalt), and stucco.

• Painted, Stained, or Sealed Surfaces: Unless your goal is to strip the finish, do not pressure wash painted surfaces, stained wood (like decks), or anything with a protective seal that could be stripped away. Be especially cautious with older surfaces that may contain lead paint.

• Soft Woods and Certain Decking: Delicate surfaces like softwood, composite decking, and antique or wooden patio furniture can be etched or damaged. If you must wash wood, use a lower-powered pressure washer with a wide-angle nozzle to prevent damage.

• Living Things: Never use a pressure washer on people, pets, or plants. The force can cause serious injury and will destroy landscaping.

Carpets can turn brown after cleaning due to a phenomenon called "wicking." It occurs when deep-seated dirt and moisture rise to the surface as the carpet dries because of excessive water or improper rinsing. Additionally, not allowing the carpet to dry thoroughly before walking on it can lead to browning.