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While the lifespan of your septic system will depend on a variety of factors, including how well you keep up with regular inspections and maintenance, it will eventually need replacement. Most septic tanks can last between 20 and 30 years, and under good circumstances, a septic drainage field may last up to 50. On average, though, about every 30 years or so, a major septic renovation will be necessary.

You can check your own septic tank, but take precautions. Locate the access lid, usually buried a few inches underground, and remove it carefully. Look for the sludge and scum levels, and if they’re high, that means pumping may be necessary. Check for odors, slow drains, or pooling water around the drain field, which could indicate issues. Never enter the tank, as toxic gases can be fatal. All of that being said, a professional inspection is safer and more thorough.

The best time of year to pump a septic tank is spring because the ground is thawed and snowmelt and rainfall can help with proper drainage. Having your septic tank pumped before the summer months is ideal to avoid conflicting with vacations and outdoor summer gatherings. Fall is also a great time to pump your septic tank, and it can be less busy for contractors than the spring.

The price you’ll pay for service from a septic tank company will depend on the specific service you need. Here are some common services, along with average pricing:

• Anaerobic septic system installation: $3,000–$8,000

• Aerobic septic system installation: $10,000–$20,000

• Septic tank pumping: $250–$550

• Percolation test: $700–$2,000

• Leach field installation: $2,000–$10,000

These numbers vary based on your septic system size, property layout, and more, so the best way to get an accurate estimate is to contact a septic tank professional for a custom quote.