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Roof rats get their name because they’re most often found in attics or the area around the attic. They often use tree limbs that hang over a roof to get into a home’s attic and look for shelter. Once inside, they not only like the attic space but can also burrow themselves into soffits or small holes in the ceiling and build their nest.

Moles live underground and feed on insects. They dig and move through tunnels, usually in meadows or forests but sometimes in lawns and gardens. They are about 6 inches long with large claws, tiny eyes, and hidden ears. 

Shrews do not dig their own tunnels but will use other animals’ tunnels, and are about 3 to 4 inches long. They look similar to mice and feed on insects.

Voles are similar in size to moles but have large eyes and small but visible ears. Rather than eating insects, voles are herbivores that prefer seeds, grasses, and plant roots.

For routine pest control maintenance, most specialists recommend treatments every three months (quarterly). However, the ideal frequency can range from monthly to yearly depending on several factors. If you have a severe infestation, more frequent treatments will likely be necessary. Your location also plays a role; for example, homes near water may experience more pests in spring and summer. It's best to discuss your specific situation with a pest control professional to determine a suitable schedule. If you notice any pests between scheduled visits, inform your provider so they can address the issue promptly.

Like many animals, gophers are bothered by strong scents. Peppermint oil, eucalyptus oil,  and coffee grounds can be used as deterrents against these pests. Similarly, you can try planting lavender, rosemary, sage, geraniums, or pine trees, as these plants all have strong smells that can ward away gophers. While it may be less pleasant to work with, coyote urine scares gophers by tricking the pests into thinking your yard is a predator hot spot.