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Signs that your air conditioner capacitor is bad or failing include a range of symptoms. The AC unit may not turn on at all, or it might struggle to start before shutting down randomly or in the middle of a cooling cycle. You might hear a humming or banging noise when it attempts to start, or the compressor might hum without the unit actually running. Other indicators include a smell or smoke coming from the unit, the blower circulating room-temperature air instead of cold air, and an unexpected increase in your energy bills.

In most cases, you should hire a professional to carry out services on your HVAC system, as the components are complicated, expensive, and potentially dangerous to work with. However, there are a few things you can do on your own to keep your HVAC system in good condition, including changing your filters every three months, keeping the area around your outdoor condenser clear of debris and plant growth, making sure your or intakes aren’t blocked, and keeping an eye out for increased energy bills, strange noises, and unusual odors related to your equipment.

If you know how to identify supply and return ducts, you’ll find that only the supply ducts will have dampers. Although your return ducts can have dampers, it’s not common. If you have one return duct that is pulling in too much air, adding a damper to it can help with overall system performance. However, dampers on return ducts are not a necessary addition for most homes.

If you’re planning an AC replacement, choosing an AC with a higher SEER rating may save you money in the long run. Tax credits could cover as much as 30% of the job, and you’ll notice smaller utility bills (particularly if you live in a hot climate where you need to constantly run the AC). Generally, you can expect to pay between $350 and $1,500 for each SEER rating increase. Weigh the cost against your typical utility bill to figure out what’s worth it to you.