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While the two are similar, spalling occurs from deeper within the concrete than scaling does, causing larger fragmentation on the surface.

Unfortunately, concrete cracks happen, so there’s no surefire way to avoid them long-term. To slow down the cracking, apply a sealant every two to three years and use sand rather than salt to melt snow or ice. Using salt speeds up the freeze-thaw cycle, which may increase the likelihood of cracking. Additionally, keep vehicles and heavy machinery off of your concrete, as the weight can lead to more cracking.

Vinegar has become popular because it’s wallet-friendly, easy to find, and sounds like a great alternative to harsh chemicals and expensive machinery. However, vinegar isn’t strong enough to remove concrete sealant. Sealants can resist acid, and vinegar is a much weaker acid than chemical removal agents. And worse, vinegar can damage concrete by dulling it and causing pitting.

Concrete stain is usually better than dye for longevity because it is more durable and shows less wear and tear. While stain is not as saturated as dye, it gives you more control over the final look of the concrete countertops.