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Septic Tanks questions, answered by experts

There are a variety of different types of septic systems that can work in your home—such as conventional anaerobic systems, chamber systems, drip distribution systems and mound septic systems. All of them work using natural processes to break down solid waste and effectively treat wastewater without needing to be connected to a city sewer system. Which type of septic system you need will depend on characteristics of your property like how high the bedrock is or groundwater table is. Different types of systems come at different costs to install.

Neither system is necessarily better or worse than the other, but one of the two might be better for your needs. For example, anaerobic systems are less expensive than aerobic ones and don’t use power to run. On the other hand, aerobic septic systems don’t take up as much space and are typically more efficient than their anaerobic counterparts.

A septic system's lifespan typically ranges from 15 to 40 years, with a common average of 20 to 30 years. The longevity heavily depends on the tank's material, maintenance diligence, and usage habits. With proper care, lifespans can reach the upper end of this range.

Lifespan by Tank Material:

  • Concrete: 20 to 40 years

  • Plastic or Fiberglass: 30 to 40 years

  • Steel: 15 to 20 years

To maximize your system's lifespan, follow these maintenance best practices:

  • Regular Pumping and Inspections: Have the tank pumped every three to five years and schedule professional inspections regularly.

  • Mindful Usage: Only flush human waste and toilet paper. Avoid putting items like cat litter, paper towels, cigarette butts, fats, grease, oils, or coffee grounds down your drains.

  • Avoid Chemicals: Do not pour harsh chemicals into the system.

  • Water Conservation: Reduce the amount of wastewater your system has to process.

  • Protect the Drain Field: Avoid driving or building heavy structures over the drain field area.

You should pump your septic tank once every two to four years for a family of four, depending on your septic tank size. You should pump a 1,000-gallon septic tank every two years, while a 1,500-gallon tank should be pumped every four years. Water usage also affects how often you should pump your septic tank. If you notice slow drains, foul smells, or gurgling sounds from your drains, you should pump your septic tank as soon as possible.

The best times of year to pump or empty a septic tank are spring and fall. Many professionals recommend spring because the ground has thawed, making the tank easier to access, and any snowmelt or rainfall can aid in proper drainage. Pumping before summer is also ideal to avoid conflicts with vacations or outdoor gatherings.

Fall is another great option, as contractors may be less busy than in the spring. Servicing the tank in late fall or early spring can also reduce the risk of overflow from extra precipitation during winter and spring.

While summer is a possibility, winter is generally not recommended. The ground is often frozen, which can make it difficult to access the tank, and the waste inside may also be frozen.

The Anacoco, LA homeowners’ guide to septic tank services

From average costs to expert advice, get all the answers you need to get your job done.